Explication ou directives pour la contribution BERLIET

Berliet had been a French manufacturer regarding automobiles, buses, trucks and military motor vehicles among other vehicles within Vénissieux, outside of Lyon, France. Founded in 1899, and apart from a five-year period from 1944 to 1949 when it absolutely was put into 'administration sequestre' it was in private ownership until 1967 when after that it became part of Citroën, and subsequently acquired by simply Renault in 1974 along with merged with Saviem in to a new Renault Trucks organization in 1978. The Berliet marque was phased out by 1980.Marius Berliet started his or her experiments with automobiles in 1894. Some single-cylinder cars ended up followed in 1900 with a twin-cylinder model. In 1902, Berliet took over the particular plant of Audibert & Lavirotte throughout Lyon. Berliet started to construct four-cylinder automobiles featured by way of a honeycomb radiator and metal chassis frame was used rather than wood. The next year, a model was launched that had been similar to contemporary Mercedes. In 1906, Berliet sold the licence for manufacturing his model for the American Locomotive Company.

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Prior to World War I, Berliet offered a choice of models from 8 RESUME to 60 CV. The main models received four-cylinder engines (2412 closed circuit and 4398 cc, respectively), and there was a six-cylinder style of 9500 cc. A 1539 cc model (12 CV) ended up being produced between 1910 in addition to 1912. From 1912, six-cylinder models were built upon individual orders only.The First World War generated a massive increase sought after. Berliet, like Renault and Latil, produced trucks for the particular French army. The military orders placed major demands on the factory's capacity, necessitating major investment inside production plant and factory space.In 1915 a 600 hectare site was ordered between Vénissieux et Saint-Priest in order to build a new main factory.The Berliet CBA grew to be the iconic truck about the Voie Sacrée, supplying the battle entrance at Verdun during 1916. 25, 000 of these 4/5 ton Berliet trucks, originally launched in 1914, were ordered by the particular French army. During 1916 40 advisors were leaving the plant daily. Under license from Renault, Berliet were also generating shells and battle tanks at this time. The number of individuals employed increased to 3, 150.By 1917 the price of annual turnover had multiplied fourfold since the start of the war, and a new appropriate structure was deemed suitable. The company became this Société anonyme des Vehicles Marius Berliet.As soon as the war the manufacturer reoriented part of its production back in order to passenger cars, but Berliet nevertheless observed themselves with excess capacity, as the army was not buying all the vans the factory could produce, and overall output halved.Marius Berliet responded on the outbreak of peace by deciding to generate just a single type of truck and a single type of car, which represented a travel from his pre-war marketplace strategy. The single truck which Berliet focused was the 5 ton CBA that had served the nation so well during the actual war.

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The passenger car for being produced, exhibited on the Berliet stand with the 15th Paris Motor Show in October 1919, was the 3296cc (15HP/CV) "Torpedo" bodied "Berliet Variety VB" of modern visual appeal. Marius Berliet was not one to miss a tip: rather than devote time and engineering talent to having a new car for the brand new decade, he obtained and cloned an American Dodge. The Dodge was once robust, and the Berliet content was well received in March 1919 when the idea had its first community outing, locally, at the Lyon Deal Fair. The headlights were mounted unusually high and the simple disc wheels had been large, giving the car a nice "no nonsense" look. Particularly attractive was the cost of just 11, 800 francs in March 1919. Unfortunately, however, the Berliet engineers failed in order that the steel used from the car's construction was of the same quality as the Us steel used for the particular Dodge, and this resulted in series problems for the early customers of the actual "Berliet Type VB" and serious reputational damage to the company.

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deze berliet is uit 1911 berliet double deck bus 1913

The factory have been set up to develop the "Berliet Type VB" at the rate of 100 cars daily which would have been recently an ambitious target below any circumstances. The rapid drop-off successful for what at this point was the manufacturer's simply passenger car model that followed the product quality issues plunged the business into financial difficulties, with losses of fityfive million francs recorded in a year. Survival was in hesitation, and Berliet was put into judicial administration in 1921. Marius Berliet himself had held 88% from the share capital, but was unable to pay off all the company's creditors along with the firm therefore fell in the hands of the financial institutions. Berliet was nevertheless in a position to retain operational control. During the ensuring few years, supported by a sustained recovery widely used that in turn reflected a powerful model strategy after 1922, Berliet was able in order to his debtors and, in 1929, to regain financial control on the business from the finance institutions.

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