Berliet has been a French manufacturer of automobiles, buses, trucks and military cars among other vehicles within Vénissieux, outside of Lyon, France. Founded in 1899, and apart from a new five-year period from 1944 to 1949 when it turned out put into 'administration sequestre' ıt had been in private ownership until 1967 when after that it became part of Citroën, and subsequently acquired simply by Renault in 1974 and merged with Saviem right into a new Renault Trucks corporation in 1978. The Berliet marque was phased out by 1980.Marius Berliet started the experiments with automobiles inside 1894. Some single-cylinder cars ended up followed in 1900 by way of twin-cylinder model. In 1902, Berliet took over your plant of Audibert & Lavirotte in Lyon. Berliet started to assemble four-cylinder automobiles featured by a honeycomb radiator and metallic chassis frame was used rather then wood. The next year, a model was launched that was similar to contemporary Mercedes. In 1906, Berliet sold the license for manufacturing his model on the American Locomotive Company.
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Prior to World War I, Berliet offered a array of models from 8 CV to 60 CV. The main models acquired four-cylinder engines (2412 closed circuit and 4398 cc, respectively), and there was a six-cylinder type of 9500 cc. A 1539 cc type (12 CV) ended up being produced between 1910 and 1912. From 1912, six-cylinder models were built upon individual orders simply.The First World War generated a massive increase in demand. Berliet, like Renault and Latil, produced trucks for the particular French army. The military orders placed major demands on the factory's capacity, necessitating major investment with production plant and manufacturing plant space.In 1915 a 500 hectare site was acquired between Vénissieux et Saint-Priest as a way to build a new principal factory.The Berliet CBA started to be the iconic truck around the Voie Sacrée, supplying the battle the front at Verdun during 1916. 25, 000 of these 4/5 lot Berliet trucks, originally launched in 1914, were ordered by the particular French army. During 1916 40 of them were leaving the plant each day. Under license from Renault, Berliet were also creating shells and battle tanks at the moment. The number of employees employed increased to 3, 150.By 1917 the value of annual turnover received multiplied fourfold since the beginning of the war, and a new authorized structure was deemed proper. The company became the Société anonyme des Cars Marius Berliet.Following war the manufacturer reoriented a part of its production back to be able to passenger cars, but Berliet nevertheless found themselves with excess ability, as the army was will no longer buying all the vans the factory could produce, and overall output halved.Marius Berliet responded towards the outbreak of peace by deciding to generate just a single form of truck and a single sort of car, which represented a journeying from his pre-war current market strategy. The single truck on which Berliet focused was the 5 ton CBA that had served the country so well during the actual war.
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The passenger car to get produced, exhibited on the Berliet stand at the 15th Paris Motor Show in October 1919, was the 3296cc (15HP/CV) "Torpedo" bodied "Berliet Variety VB" of modern overall look. Marius Berliet was it's unlikely that any to miss a key: rather than devote time and engineering talent to having a new car for the revolutionary decade, he obtained and cloned an American Dodge. The Dodge was once robust, and the Berliet copy was well received within March 1919 when the item had its first general public outing, locally, at the Lyon Industry Fair. The headlights were mounted unusually high and the simple disc wheels had been large, giving the car an enjoyable "no nonsense" look. Particularly attractive was the price of just 11, 800 francs in April 1919. Unfortunately, however, the Berliet engineers failed in order that the steel used inside the car's construction was on the same quality as the American steel used for the actual Dodge, and this resulted in series problems for your early customers of your "Berliet Type VB" and serious reputational destruction of the company.
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The factory have been set up to produce the "Berliet Type VB" on the rate of 100 cars each day which would have recently been an ambitious target under any circumstances. The rapid drop-off sought after for what at this point was the manufacturer's just passenger car model that followed the high quality issues plunged the business into financial difficulties, with losses of fityfive million francs recorded available as one year. Survival was in uncertainty, and Berliet was put into judicial administration in 1921. Marius Berliet himself had held 88% on the share capital, but was unable to all the company's creditors as well as the firm therefore fell into the hands of the banking institutions. Berliet was nevertheless able to retain operational control. During the ensuring several years, supported by a sustained recovery successful that in turn reflected a simple yet effective model strategy after 1922, Berliet was able to his debtors and, in 1929, to regain financial control above the business from the banking companies.
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