Berliet was a French manufacturer involving automobiles, buses, trucks and military vehicles among other vehicles based in Vénissieux, outside of Lyon, France. Founded in 1899, and apart from any five-year period from 1944 to 1949 when it absolutely was put into 'administration sequestre' it was in private ownership until 1967 when it then became part of Citroën, and subsequently acquired simply by Renault in 1974 and also merged with Saviem in a new Renault Trucks firm in 1978. The Berliet marque was phased out by 1980.Marius Berliet started his or her experiments with automobiles with 1894. Some single-cylinder cars were followed in 1900 by a twin-cylinder model. In 1902, Berliet took over the plant of Audibert & Lavirotte in Lyon. Berliet started to construct four-cylinder automobiles featured by the honeycomb radiator and metal chassis frame was used instead of wood. The next year, a model was launched which was similar to contemporary Mercedes. In 1906, Berliet sold the licence for manufacturing his model for the American Locomotive Company.
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Previous to World War I, Berliet offered a variety of models from 8 CV to 60 CV. The main models had four-cylinder engines (2412 cc and 4398 cc, respectively), and there was a six-cylinder model of 9500 cc. A 1539 cc model (12 CV) ended up being produced between 1910 as well as 1912. From 1912, six-cylinder models were produced upon individual orders only.The First World War concluded in a massive increase successful. Berliet, like Renault and Latil, produced trucks for the particular French army. The military orders placed major demands on the factory's capacity, necessitating major investment inside production plant and manufacturer space.In 1915 a 400 hectare site was purchased between Vénissieux et Saint-Priest so that you can build a new major factory.The Berliet CBA started to be the iconic truck about the Voie Sacrée, supplying the battle the front at Verdun during 1916. 25, 000 of these 4/5 load Berliet trucks, originally launched in 1914, were ordered by the French army. During 1916 40 of these were leaving the plant on a daily basis. Under license from Renault, Berliet were also generating shells and battle tanks right now. The number of personnel employed increased to 3, 150.By 1917 the worth of annual turnover acquired multiplied fourfold since the beginning of the war, and a new legal structure was deemed ideal. The company became the particular Société anonyme des Motor vehicles Marius Berliet.As soon as the war the manufacturer reoriented portion of its production back to passenger cars, but Berliet nevertheless located themselves with excess volume, as the army was don't buying all the trucks the factory could make, and overall output halved.Marius Berliet responded towards the outbreak of peace by deciding to produce just a single kind of truck and a single style of car, which represented a starting from his pre-war market place strategy. The single truck on what Berliet focused was the 5 ton CBA that had served the country so well during the war.
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The passenger car to be produced, exhibited on the Berliet stand for the 15th Paris Motor Show in October 1919, was the 3296cc (15HP/CV) "Torpedo" bodied "Berliet Sort VB" of modern overall look. Marius Berliet was probably none to miss a tip: rather than devote time period and engineering talent to making a new car for the modern decade, he obtained and cloned an American Dodge. The Dodge was famously robust, and the Berliet content was well received in March 1919 when this had its first open public outing, locally, at the Lyon Buy and sell Fair. The headlights were mounted unusually high along with the simple disc wheels ended up large, giving the car a pleasing "no nonsense" look. Particularly attractive was the buying price of just 11, 800 francs in Oct 1919. Unfortunately, however, the Berliet engineers failed in order that the steel used within the car's construction was of the same quality as the North american steel used for the Dodge, and this resulted in series problems with the early customers of this "Berliet Type VB" and serious reputational problems for the company.
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The factory were being set up to make the "Berliet Type VB" for the rate of 100 cars daily which would have already been an ambitious target underneath any circumstances. The rapid drop-off popular for what at this point was the manufacturer's just passenger car model that followed the high quality issues plunged the organization into financial difficulties, with losses of second there’s 55 million francs recorded a single year. Survival was in question, and Berliet was put in judicial administration in 1921. Marius Berliet himself had held 88% of the share capital, but was unable to repay all the company's creditors and also the firm therefore fell in the hands of the banks. Berliet was nevertheless competent to retain operational control. During the ensuring decade, supported by a sustained recovery widely used that in turn reflected an effective model strategy after 1922, Berliet was able to his debtors and, in 1929, to regain financial control within the business from the banking companies.
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