Les autocars de notre enfance [Toutes échelles] Page : 8

Berliet was a French manufacturer connected with automobiles, buses, trucks and military autos among other vehicles located in Vénissieux, outside of Lyon, France. Founded in 1899, and apart from a new five-year period from 1944 to 1949 when it had been put into 'administration sequestre' it was in private ownership until 1967 when after that it became part of Citroën, and subsequently acquired by Renault in 1974 as well as merged with Saviem in to a new Renault Trucks business in 1978. The Berliet marque was phased out by 1980.Marius Berliet started the experiments with automobiles inside 1894. Some single-cylinder cars have been followed in 1900 by way of a twin-cylinder model. In 1902, Berliet took over the particular plant of Audibert & Lavirotte inside Lyon. Berliet started to create four-cylinder automobiles featured by way of honeycomb radiator and metallic chassis frame was used rather than wood. The next year, a model was launched that's similar to contemporary Mercedes. In 1906, Berliet sold the driving licence for manufacturing his model for the American Locomotive Company.

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Prior to World War I, Berliet offered a range of models from 8 CV to 60 CV. The main models received four-cylinder engines (2412 closed circuit and 4398 cc, respectively), and there was a six-cylinder type of 9500 cc. A 1539 cc product (12 CV) ended up being produced between 1910 along with 1912. From 1912, six-cylinder models were produced upon individual orders just.The First World War led to a massive increase popular. Berliet, like Renault and Latil, produced trucks for this French army. The military orders placed major demands on the factory's capacity, necessitating major investment in production plant and manufacturer space.In 1915 a four hundred hectare site was acquired between Vénissieux et Saint-Priest in order to build a new major factory.The Berliet CBA became the iconic truck for the Voie Sacrée, supplying the battle top at Verdun during 1916. 25, 000 of these 4/5 heap Berliet trucks, originally launched in 1914, were ordered by the French army. During 1916 40 of which were leaving the plant on a daily basis. Under license from Renault, Berliet were also creating shells and battle tanks currently. The number of workers employed increased to 3, 150.By 1917 the worth of annual turnover had multiplied fourfold since the start of the war, and a new legitimate structure was deemed proper. The company became the actual Société anonyme des Vehicles Marius Berliet.As soon as the war the manufacturer reoriented part of its production back to passenger cars, but Berliet nevertheless located themselves with excess ability, as the army was not buying all the vehicles the factory could generate, and overall output halved.Marius Berliet responded on the outbreak of peace by deciding to create just a single sort of truck and a single type of car, which represented a journeying from his pre-war industry strategy. The single truck on which Berliet focused was the 5 ton CBA that had served the media so well during your war.

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The passenger car for being produced, exhibited on the Berliet stand in the 15th Paris Motor Indicate in October 1919, was the 3296cc (15HP/CV) "Torpedo" bodied "Berliet Form VB" of modern physical appearance. Marius Berliet was not merely one to miss a trick: rather than devote time and engineering talent to making a new car for the modern decade, he obtained and duplicated an American Dodge. The Dodge was famously robust, and the Berliet backup was well received in March 1919 when that had its first public outing, locally, at the Lyon Deal Fair. The headlights were mounted unusually high and also the simple disc wheels had been large, giving the car a nice "no nonsense" look. Particularly attractive was the buying price of just 11, 800 francs in Oct 1919. Unfortunately, however, the Berliet engineers failed in order that the steel used inside the car's construction was with the same quality as the American steel used for the Dodge, and this resulted in series problems to the early customers of the actual "Berliet Type VB" and serious reputational damage to the company.

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The factory was set up to make the "Berliet Type VB" in the rate of 100 cars each day which would have also been an ambitious target beneath any circumstances. The rapid drop-off in demand for what at this point was the manufacturer's only passenger car model that followed the standard issues plunged the business into financial difficulties, with losses of fityfive million francs recorded available as one year. Survival was in uncertainty, and Berliet was put into judicial administration in 1921. Marius Berliet himself had held 88% on the share capital, but was unable to repay all the company's creditors and also the firm therefore fell in to the hands of the banking companies. Berliet was nevertheless capable to retain operational control. During the ensuring ten years, supported by a sustained recovery widely used that in turn reflected a highly effective model strategy after 1922, Berliet was able to settle his debtors and, in 1929, to regain financial control over the business from the banking institutions.

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